Over 4% of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who are hospitalized die during their stay in the hospital. How can this number be reduced? In a cross-sectional study recently published in JAMA Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, a research team led by Eric Adjei Boakye, PhD, found that among a variety of other patient- and hospital-related factors, male sex, weekend admissions, and treatment at nonteaching hospitals are associated with increased in-hospital mortality. In this interview with i...
Along with a variety of other patient- and hospital-related factors, male sex, weekend admissions, and treatment at nonteaching hospitals are associated with increased in-hospital mortality for patients with head and neck cancer, report the authors of a cross-sectional study published today in JAMA Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. Using the 2008 to 2013 National Inpatient Sample database, the investigators identified adult hospitalized patients diagnosed with either primary or secondary he...
Many cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV); however, HNSCCs can be caused by a variety of factors, including p16INK4A inactivation (an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4A) and overexpression of the oncogene cyclin D1. This results in the stimulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6). Overexpression of cyclin D1 can also cause resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors. To overcome this resistance, resea...
A biomarker that can be identified by blood test was discovered to be a potential indicator of prognosis for human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer. "Head and neck cancers that are caused by HPV infection tend to have a better overall outcome than head and neck cancers related to other factors like smoking and alcohol," said Gaorav Gupta, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiation at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and senior author of the...
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda®, Merck) is now approved by the FDA for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma as first-line treatment in combination with platinum and 5-fluorouracil. Pembrolizumab is already FDA approved to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer, advanced urothelial bladder cancer, classical Hodgkin lymphoma, primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, and many other cancers. This immunotherapy drug inhibits programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in order to increase the body's ability to a...